![]() CF Accounting Interpretation and Guidance. Division of Corporation Finance. Frequently Requested. Accounting and Financial Reporting. Interpretations and Guidance. Prepared by Accounting Staff Members. Division of Corporation Finance. The FASB’s new guidelines for revenue recognition introduce sweeping changes to current GAAP accounting rules. In this Insight we examine what the new rules could. Division of Corporation Finance: Frequently Requested Accounting and Financial Reporting Interpretations and Guidance Prepared by Accounting Staff Members. Accounting for the Costs of Internal-Use Software Development. By: Bryan McKeon, CPA. Assurance Manager. Katz, Nannis & Solomon, PC. The shift towards the “Software. View EY FRD Business Combinations.pdf from ACCOUNTING masters at Golden Gate. Financial reporting developments A comprehensive guide Business combinations Revised. ![]() U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Washington, D. C. ![]() March 3. 1, 2. 00. The Securities and Exchange Commission disclaims responsibility for any private publication or statement of any of its employees. This outline was prepared by members of the staff of the Division of Corporation Finance, and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Commission, the Commissioners, or other members of the staff. CONTENTSI. Guidance About Accounting Rules. A. Redeemable Equity Securities. Commission releases and staff accounting bulletins (Rule 5- 0. Regulation S- X, Financial Reporting Codification Section 2. SAB 3. C, and SAB 6. B(1)) describe the accounting and reporting that is applicable to mandatorily redeemable preferred stock. The staff considers that guidance to be applicable to all equity securities (not only preferred stock) the cash redemption of which is outside the control of the issuer, including stock subject to rescission rights. Redeemable equity securities should be presented separately from "stockholders' equity" if they are redeemable at the option of the holder, or at a fixed date, or redemption is otherwise beyond the control of registrant. See also EITF 9. 6- 1. This presentation is required even if the likelihood of the redemption event is considered remote. Where material, disclosures should include title of security, carrying amount, and redemption amount on the face of balance sheet. In notes, disclose general terms, redemption requirements in each of the succeeding five years, and number of shares authorized, issued and outstanding. Redeemable securities are recorded initially at their fair value. If redeemable currently, the security should be adjusted to its redemption amount at each balance sheet date. If the security will become redeemable at a future determinable date, the security should be accreted in each period to the ultimate contractual redemption amount using an appropriate methodology, usually the interest method. The resulting increases or decreases in the carrying amount of the redeemable security reduce or increase income applicable to common shareholders in the calculation of EPS [SAB 3. C]. Any extinguishment of redeemable securities for consideration that exceeds the carrying amount of the securities at that time should be treated as a reduction of income applicable to common shareholders. If charges or credits are material to income, separate disclosure of income applicable to common shareholders on the face of the income statement is required [SAB 6. B(1)]. In some cases, the feature of the equity security that makes it redeemable is characterized as a "liquidation event." Ordinary liquidation events, which involve the redemption and liquidation of all equity securities, do not result in a security being classified as redeemable equity. However, "deemed" liquidation events that would require one or more particular classes or types of equity security to be redeemed cause those securities to be classified outside of permanent equity. Examples of deemed liquidation events that we have seen as requiring the redemption of preferred stock and such redemption is beyond the control of the registrant include the following. IPO declared effective by a particular date. These events are commonly characterized as "deemed liquidation" events, and the clauses describing the events are commonly included in the "Liquidation" section of the preferred stock indentures. By characterization of the provisions as liquidation provisions, registrants have sought to avoid ASR 2. However, the staff believes that these types of provisions are equivalent to ordinary redemption clauses that would cause the securities to be classified outside of permanent equity. Canadian registrants must classify redeemable equity securities as debt pursuant to requirements of Canadian GAAP. The staff has not required that such classification be discussed in the footnote that reconciles Canadian GAAP to US GAAP. Further, the staff would not object if a US registrant classified and accounted for redeemable equity securities as debt. B. Accounting for Advertising Costs. The AICPA provided guidance regarding the accounting for advertising costs in Statement of Position 9. The scope of that guidance applies to any promotional activity intended to stimulate, directly or indirectly, a customer's purchase of goods or services. It includes the use of commercial media, mailings, directory listings, catalogues, brochures, billboards and other means of attracting customers. However, other accounting literature is applicable to premiums, prizes, rebates, discounts and similar promotional devices. The SOP provides that, with the limited exception of qualifying "direct response advertising," all advertising costs must be either expensed as incurred or deferred until first use of the advertising. For example, costs of producing material to be used in an advertising program may be expensed as incurred, or deferred until the advertising program commences. Costs of "communicating" an advertisement (for example, broadcast fees) are expensed as the communication occurs. Brochures, catalogues and similar material under the possession of the company may be accounted for as prepaid supplies - - that is, expensed in relation to use, with write- off when superseded or otherwise diminished in utility. Advertising costs required to be expensed pursuant to the SOP may not be deferred as "pre- opening costs," "contract acquisition costs," or other similar characterization. However, the SOP does not amend SFAS 5. SFAS 6. 0 (insurance industry), or SFAS 6. Certain direct response advertising costs may be deferred under the SOP. Qualifying costs relating to a specific advertising activity must meet all of the following criteria. A direct relationship between a sale and the specific advertising activity for which cost is deferred must be demonstrated clearly. More than trivial marketing effort after customer response to the advertising and before the sale is consummated (such as customer contact with a sales person or furnishing of additional product or financing information) will disqualify the sale as being deemed a direct result of the advertising. A significant lapse of time between the advertising activity and the ultimate sale in an environment of broad general advertising may disqualify the sale as being deemed a direct result of the advertising. The advertisement's purpose must be one of eliciting a direct response in the form of a sale. For example, if the primary purpose (based on either intent or most frequent actual outcome) is identification of customers to which additional marketing efforts will be targeted, the advertising costs do not qualify. Deferrable costs do not include administrative costs, occupancy costs, or depreciation of assets other than those used directly in advertising activities. Payroll related costs that are deferrable include only that portion of employees' total compensation and payroll- related fringe benefits that can be shown to directly relate to time spent performing the qualifying activities. Costs of prizes, gifts, membership kits and similar items are not deferrable under the SOP, but are accounted for as inventory in most circumstances. The costs must be probable of recovery from future benefits. Objective historical evidence directly relevant to the particular advertising activity is necessary to demonstrate probability of recoverability. Ancillary income from sources other than the responding customer may not be included in the calculation of future benefits for the test. Future benefits to be included in the calculation are limited to revenues derived from the customer which are the direct result of the advertising activity alone, without significant additional marketing effort. Revenues from subsequent sales and renewals may be included only if insignificant market effort is required to obtain those revenues. Qualifying deferred direct advertising costs must be amortized in proportion to the expected future benefits, based on historical evidence and verified by current results. Costs for each advertising activity should be accumulated and amortized separately.
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A following Baidu scan of the same disk image detected the same threath plus a virus and a hack tool (false positive? For maximum security consumer experience/cloud services was allowed in both runs, Baidu also updated with its optional Avir definitions before executed. Cons. The web is now transparent. I guess for detecting some threats (key logging etc.) a cloud connected antivirus service is necessary. These services probably can store and read the computers log files. Summary. My until now default AV solution and Baidu are both unobtrusive and lightweight, free and working on XP and up. Baidu sports additional features as a firewall able to block apps. If of no significance using a Far East cloud service to prevent loss of (precious) data by virus infection, hijacking etc. Baidu looks as a generous, lightweight, working AV solution. ![]() Reply to this review. Was this review helpful?(0) (0) Pros. Anything. It destroyed my computer. Cons. My computer had Avast and ran perfect. Took Avast, installed Baidu, he blew out several important files and even file system, until I was forced will format the computer. In one month, he destroyed my computer. Summary. If you want to preserve your PC, and install a trusted software, install Avast, SVG, Avira, Bit. Defender, Norton, Mc. Afee or other reliable antivirus. Baidu Antivirus destroys the security of your computer completely. ![]() None experienced serious technical and recommends Baidu. Use your wits, install a reliable antivirus, run away from Baidu. Baidu destroy your computer. Reply to this review. Was this review helpful?(0) (0) Pros. Free. You can change the skins. Cons. Erratic Behavior. Summary. When I first installed this, everything seemed fine.. I did was to turn off all automatic updates, both virus definitions and main engine update (I always do updates manually).. BUT.. after using it for a couple of days, I noticed it was updating automatically anyway.. 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Now the airline industry is taking its first steps in this digitally- enabled F& B service. Besides the handful or airlines – including Air New Zealand, Japan Airlines, Fly. Dubai and Virgin America – that allow passengers to place orders via the in- seat IFE system, Emirates has recently issued so- called ‘Meal Ordering Devices’ to all its flight attendants who work in Business Class. Meal Ordering Device (MOD)Cabin crew recruitment portal Paddle. Your. Own. Kanoo reports that the MOD smartphones connect to a plug- and- play Wi. Fi router which is separate from the onboard connectivity system that passengers use. All the smartphones (Samsung Galaxy A7) are synced to communicate with one another for the duration of the flight, don’t have a SIM card, and have been blocked from running any applications apart from the bespoke Meal Ordering app.“The orders are taken on a hand held device and are instantly reflected on a tablet in the galley. Each order is then prepared immediately making service faster, more efficient and more personal,” said Terry Daly, Divisional Senior Vice President, Service Delivery at Emirates. As Australian Business Traveller rightly puts it: “With as many as 7. Emirates A3. 80, the technology is proving to be a significant time- saver in keeping those premium passengers feed and watered – as well as ensuring what they’re served is precisely what they ordered, without slip- ups.” Read full article »By Raymond Kollau, airlinetrends. June 2. 01. 6 | As part of a trend that sees airlines and airports welcome real- time feedback from passengers via digital channels other than social media, Sri Lanka’s national carrier, Sri. Tropical Storm Harvey is bearing down on the Texas coast, poised to strike as a powerful hurricane Friday evening. Local authorities are preparing for emergency. Lankan Airlines has launched a comprehensive customer satisfaction platform which captures feedback from passengers throughout the journey, from booking to overall satisfaction measures after the return home. The airline has set up various ways for customers to share their impressions of service quality at its Colombo Ticket Office service counters, on its website, at the check- in counters at Colombo Airport, inside its lounge at the airport – as well as on- board through a dedicated application on i.
Pads issued to cabin service managers. There is also a survey app incorporated into the airline’s IFE system, plus a feedback module incorporated in Sri. Lankan’s mobile app. Once the journey has ended, customers also receive an email request to evaluate their journey. All surveys are available in five languages: English, Sinhala, Tamil, Chinese and Japanese. The passenger feedback which was initially gathered through a paper- based system has evolved gradually and the airline has now developed a full- fledged system where they could amass the treasured thoughts of passengers via digital media. Feedback data combines a full set of passenger profiles such as name, gender, ethnicity, travel preferences and their service aspirations with flight information into a data warehouse which further enables Sri. Lankan to create a rich set of analytics, identify trends and strengthen customer relationships.“Today we are serving an informed, tech savvy, demanding customer. We understand the service expectation can be delivered by working smart. We recognise that technology can bring the speed and sophistication to serve today’s customer,” says Mr Chanaka Olagama, Head of Cabin Services, Sri. Lankan Airlines. Real- time alerts. To ensure prompt responsiveness to service interruptions and critical issues which affect passenger satisfaction, real time alerts for immediate service recovery or negative feedback from passengers are sent to the supervisor of each customer touch point via text messages. Additionally, live dashboards display the overall mood of customers through color- coded cards which reflect passenger satisfaction ratings, based on feedback received. Read full article »Airline. Trends has an extensive knowledge of developments in the airline industry. Their trend presentations provided high quality output that played a significant contribution to our marketing strategy. Peter Verheijde, Director Inflight Innovation, Air France KLM2. December 2. 01. 5 | At airlinetrends. The top product and service innovations we have selected to be among the most innovative concepts that have been launched this year reflect how airlines are becoming more creative in the design of new products and services as more airlines are embrading hospitality, design and technology as ways to differentiate the passenger experience. Many of the examples on our list contain a major digital component, as the rapid adoption of smartphones and tablets, the option to be connected anywhere and anytime, and the self- service mindset of connected travellers, has created a huge momentum for airlines to come up with innovative products and services. THE AIRLINETRENDS. COM TOP 1. 0 INNOVATIONS FOR 2. Netflix and Amazon inflight streaming deals are further proof of an IFEC revolution. By enabling passengers to stream content from Netflix and Amazon Prime onboard respectively Virgin America and Jet. Blue, satellite company Via. Sat is also putting pressure on the current IFE content supply chain. Via. Sat’s Don Buchman explained: “There was evolution happening and now it’s revolution. It’s similar to how the i. Phone changed the mobile market. Amazon and Netflix are not traditional IFE players, but things are changing.” Read article »2. Ryanair wants to become the ‘Amazon of travel’Ryanair said it wants to become the ‘Amazon for travel’, with its new website to leverage personal data to offer customers hotel bookings and Trip. Advisor- style reviews. Says Ryanair CEO Michael O’Leary, “We now have an opportunity with the new website to build Ryanair. Amazon for travel in Europe.” Read article »3. KLM’s Happy Flow shows the future of the airport passenger process. KLM’s ‘Happy Flow’ aims to revolutionize the airport process and uses facial recognition technology as the basis of a single passenger token, removing the need for passengers to present their passport and boarding pass at multiple stages of the airport journey. Read article »4. Finnair’s new A3. Finnair has been the first European airline to take delivery of the A3. Space Alive’ mood lighting concept, a ladies- only lavatory and free wifi in Business, duty free pre- ordering via the inflight portal and an IFE- based visual ‘flight stages’ timeline. Read article »5. Brazilian ‘value carrier’ Azul goes long- haul with full- flat Business beds, Sky. Sofas, walk- up bar and IFE- based ordering. Brazil’s Azul, which can be regarded as the Brazilian equivalent of Jet. Blue, recently launched its new A3. Business Class cabin, Sky Sofas in Economy, a walk- up bar, and the option to order F& B via the in- seat IFE system. Read article »6. TUI lets passengers order F& B and duty free inflight via their own devices. Netherlands- based leisure carrier Arke (part of the TUI Group) has launched a trial in which passengers can use their own devices to order beverages, snacks and duty free items. Cabin crew receive the orders made by passengers on their tablet devices. Read article »7. Transavia lets passengers download IFE content to their own devices pre- flight. Transavia allows passengers to download movies and TV programmes to their own electronic devices before their flight. As soon as the passenger boards the aircraft, the pre- downloaded content is activated and it is then automatically deleted at the end of the journey. Read article »8. Pre- ordering of food and beverages is getting more popular with airlines and airports. 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YouTube Viewer is an application written in Perl that can be used to search, play and download YouTube videos. The app ships with two interfaces: GTK2 and comamnd. Actually, some of them fit both our categories. Sure, there are other similar lists our there, but this one has up- to- date info and we’ve personally tried and tested (almost) every distro on our old laptops. It took us 7 months to compile this list and a few weeks to update it with new data! We’ve seen new lists that included distros with their latest update being in 2. Come on, how is that distro still relevant and good in 2. And don’t get us started on how each list is just a rehashed version of the same 5 distros. We purposefully included many distros in our list so you have more options to choose from. All distros are free and can run on ~5. MB RAM or less. If you’re feeling overwhelmed, just pick any distro. You don’t have to throw away your old PCs and laptops. Install a lightweight Linux distro on them and they’re as good as new. Lightweight distros don’t even have to be used on old hardware. You can install them on some bleeding- edge hardware and get the ultimate performance. Most distros are portable and can run on a Live CD/USB, without a hard drive. Why should you use other OSes full of bloatware and unnecessary stuff when you can use a perfectly fine Linux alternative? Anyway, before we go on with the list, a few quick tips on how to choose the best one for you: How to choose the best lightweight Linux distro for you. These guidelines should help, but if you’re feeling overwhelmed, just pick any distro from the list below and you’ll be fine. Any Linux distro is better than Windows/OS X when it comes to old hardware. Linux distros and the software that runs on them are far more optimized and compatible with old(er) hardware. If you’re using Windows or OS X and it “feels slow”, switch to a Linux distro. You’re guaranteed to see an improvement in performance. Some older versions of Windows and OS X are fast for older hardware, but they don’t get any support or updates, unlike all distros listed here. Choosing the right lightweight distro will depend on what you’re going to use it for. Some distros are optimized for certain activities, ie. Are you going to use it for everyday browsing? If so, have in mind that websites have evolved and although the browser and OS itself will perform better, the websites can still be bloated and slow down your Linux. If you’re going to use it for random office tasks like word processing, spreadsheets, or presentations – the lightweight Linux distros will work just fine. Maybe you’d like to use your old laptop as a media device and watch movies on it. You’re good to go, as long as the movie itself is not a full Blu- Ray rip. Another guideline is how much you’re willing to sacrifice. How much OS features do you really need? You don’t really need all that fancy UI animations and 3. D stuff. Some Linux distros do have great modern UIs, but they do require better hardware. Previous experience is another big factor you need to consider before you choose a lightweight Linux distro. Are you a beginner? Then don’t use Arch Linux. Have you used Ubuntu before? Then get a lightweight distro based on Ubuntu. Got used to the Windows XP interface and want something similar? Sure, we have the perfect distro for you. Pro- tip: do a bit of research for your hardware and see if the distro supports it. It most likely will, but just to be sure, you can do a quick google with your hardware model and the distro and you should get some results. Most distros can run on a cheap USB flash drive – you don’t even need an HDD/SSD. This is often referred to as a “Live CD/USB”. We’ll include a ‘minimum hardware requirements’ for each distro, so you can check if the hardware stats you have will support the distro. Most of these distros can run perfectly fine on a Raspberry Pi. Quick overview of the distros included in our list. Now (finally), onto the main part, the best lightweight Linux distros for old computers/laptops. Click on the distro’s name to find more info, screenshots, and download links. Distro. Minimum RAM (MB)Minimum CPUMinimum Disk Space (MB)GUIRelease cycle. Notes. Lubuntu. 51. Pentium 4, Pentium M, AMD K8 or newer CPU. At least 2. 66 MHz. LXLEStandard. Beginner- friendly. LXLE5. 12. Pentium 3. LXDELTS only. Based on Lubuntu. Arch Linux. 51. 2Any 6. Any. Rolling. For advanced users. Arch. Bang. 25. 6i. Openbox. Rolling. Arch Linux made easier. Puppy Linux. 12. 82. MHz. 51. 2JWMStandard. Portable (Live only)Linux Lite. MHz. 20. 00. XFCELTS only. Great for Windows users. KNOPPIX1. 20i. 48. LXDEStandard. Portable (Live only)Peppermint. Any processor based on Intel x. LXDEHybrid. The Cloud Desktop based on Lubuntu. PCLinux. OS5. 12. Any Intel, AMD or VIA x. KDE, Mate, LXDE, XFCERolling. Not the most lightweight, but it is fast. Trisquel Mini. 12. AMD K6 or Intel Pentium II3. LXDELTS only. Only free software. Porteus. 25. 6Any Intel, AMD or VIA x. KDE, LXQt, Mate, Cinnamon.. Standard. THE portable Linux distro. Manjaro Linux - Xfce Edition. GHz. 30. 00. 0Xfce. Rolling. Very powerful and flexible. Peach OSI5. 12. 70. MHz processor (Intel Celeron or better)8. XFCE, Cinnamon, Mate.. LTS only. 8 different versions to choose from. Pixel OS5. 12. 1 GHz. Custom environment. Standard. Turn a Raspberry Pi into a fully- featured desktop PCModern X2. MHz 3. 00. 0GNOMEStandard. Great for Windows/Mac users. Debian. 25. 61 GHz. KDEHybrid. Stable, old, modern, popular. Sparky Linux. 25. CPU1. 00. 00. LXDE, Budgie, Enlightenment, JWM, Openbox, KDE, LXQt, MATE, Xfce.. Rolling. Has the most editions/versions. Sli. Taz. 19. 2i. Intel compatible processors. Openbox. Rolling. The lightweight desktop and server OSElive. MHz. 70. 0Enlightenment. Standard. Custom lightweight desktop environment. Bunsen. Labs Linux. GHz. 10. 00. 0Openbox. Hybrid. New and improved Crunch. Banganti. X1. 92. Any Intel, AMD or VIA x. Ice. WM, Fluxbox, JWM, Xfce, herbstluftwm. Cyclical Rolling. Great Live USB Options. Slax. 48. Any Intel, AMD or VIA x. KDEStandard. Portable and modular. Linux Mint. 51. 2Any Intel, AMD or VIA x. XFCE, Cinnamon, Mate.. Standard. Beautiful and easy to usewatt. OS1. 92. Any Intel, AMD or VIA x. LXDE, i. 3Standard. Lightweight and fully- featured. Zorin OS Lite. 51. MHz. 80. 00. Custom. LTS only. Great alternative to the Windows and Mac OSBodhi Linux. MHz. 40. 00. Moksha (custom)LTS only. Custom lightweight desktop environment. Tiny Core Linux. 48. At least an i. 48. DX CPU1. 1FLWMStandard. Extremely lightweight, but not recommended for beginners. CRUX1. 92x. 86- 6. CPUs. 10. 00. Openbox. Standard. Unlike any other. Bonus Distros. Starting from 3 MB RAM! Starting from 1. 4. Mixed. Everything. Mixed. Our bonus list. You can find anything there. Lubuntu. Lubuntu is one of the most popular and most widely used lightweight Linux distros out there. Some use it as their main Linux distro on their powerful hardware just because of its performance and beautiful UI. Lubuntu minimum hardware requirements. It can run on just about anything. Pentium 4, Pentium M, AMD K8 or newer CPU. At least 2. 66 MHz. MB RAM3 GB Disk Space (or more)Anything more is just a plus. The requirements listed here are for the 1. LTS release, other releases may have slightly different requirements. Lubuntu facts and features. The lightweight Ubuntu. Based on Ubuntu, without any bloat. Has all the essential lightweight software pre- installed (office, browser, media players etc.)Uses LXDE. Future releases will use LXQt. Great and active community support. There are also a couple of active social Lubuntu groups. You can find them here. Easily installable (and usable) via a USB flash drive. You can get a quality cheap USB flash drive from Amazon. Download Lubuntu. LXLEAs an alternative to Lubuntu, we have LXLE. Based on Lubuntu, it has the performance optimizations of a lightweight distro with a beautiful UI. LXLE minimum hardware requirements. Similar to Lubuntu. Pentium 3 processor. At least 5. 12 MB RAM8 GB Disk Space. LXLE facts and features. Plug and go. Easy to set up – just install it and you are ready to go. No complex configurations needed. Great for Windows XP/Vista/7 users. A wide variety of default apps pre- installed. Based on LXDEOnly has LTS releases. Easily installable (and usable) via a USB flash drive. You can get a quality cheap USB flash drive from Amazon. Download LXLEArch Linux. Flexible, lightweight and powerful Linux distro. Not recommended for beginners. Tools for Pentesters. Compilation. Toxy. HTTP proxy. failure scenarios. It was mainly designed for fuzzing/evil testing purposes, when toxy becomes particularly useful to cover fault tolerance and resiliency capabilities of a system, especially in. Mit. M proxy among services. HTTP flow as you need, performing multiple evil actions in the middle of that process, such as limiting the bandwidth, delaying TCP packets, injecting network jitter latency or replying with a custom error or status code. It operates only at L7 (application level). It was built on top of. HTTP proxy, and it's also. Requires node. js +0. Full- featured HTTP/S proxy (backed by. Hackable and elegant programmatic API (inspired on connect/express). Admin HTTP API for external management and dynamic configuration. Featured built- in router with nested configuration. Hierarchical and composable poisoning with rule based filtering. Hierarchical middleware layer (both global and route scopes). Easily augmentable via middleware (based on connect/express middleware). Supports both incoming and outgoing traffic poisoning. Built- in poisons (bandwidth, error, abort, latency, slow read..). Rule- based poisoning (probabilistic, HTTP method, headers, body..). Supports third- party poisons and rules. Built- in balancer and traffic interceptor via middleware. Inherits API and features from. Compatible with connect/express (and most of their middleware). Able to run as standalone HTTP proxy. There're some other similar solutions like. Furthermore, the majority of the those solutions only operates at TCP L3 level stack instead of providing high- level abstractions to cover common requirements in the specific domain and nature of the HTTP L7 protocol, like toxy tries to provide. HTTP protocol primitives easily. Via its built- in hierarchical domain specific middleware layer you can easily augment toxy features to your own needs. HTTP transaction (e. One HTTP transaction can be poisoned by one or multiple poisons, and those poisons can be also configured to infect both global or route level traffic. HTTP request/response in order to determine, given a certain rules, if the HTTP transaction should be poisioned or not (e. Rules can be reused and applied to both incoming and outgoing traffic flows, including different scopes: global, route or poison level. Incoming request ) ↓. Toxy Router | ↓ - > Match the incoming request. Incoming phase | ↓ - > The proxy receives the request from the client. Exec Rules | | ↓ - > Apply configured rules for the incoming request. Exec Poisons | | ↓ - > If all rules passed, then poison the HTTP flow. HTTP dispatcher | ↓ - > Forward the HTTP traffic to the target server, either poisoned or not. Outgoing phase | ↓ - > Receives response from target server. Exec Rules | | ↓ - > Apply configured rules for the outgoing request. Exec Poisons | | ↓ - > If all rules passed, then poison the HTTP flow before send it to the client. Send to the client ) ↓ - > Finally, send the request to the client, either poisoned or not. Create a new toxy proxy. Default server to forward incoming traffic. Register global poisons and rules. Register multiple routes. Rule(rules. headers({'Authorization': /^Bearer (.*)$/i })). Infect outgoing traffic only (after the server replied properly). Poison(poisons. bandwidth({ bps: 5. Rule(rules. method('GET')). Rule(rules. time. Threshold({ duration: 1. Rule(rules. response. Status({ range: [ 2. Limit({ limit: 1. Rule(rules. method(['POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE'])). And use a different more permissive poison for GET requests. Limit({ limit: 5. Rule(rules. method('GET')). Handle the rest of the traffic. Close({ delay: 1. Read({ bps: 1. 28 })). Rule(rules. probability(5. Server listening on port: ', 3. Test it: ', 'http: //localhost: 3. Poisons host specific logic which intercepts and mutates, wraps, modify and/or cancel an HTTP transaction in the proxy server. Poisons can be applied to incoming or outgoing, or even both traffic flows. Poisons can be composed and reused for different HTTP scenarios. They are executed in FIFO order and asynchronously. Poisoning scopes. HTTP traffic received by the proxy server, regardless of the HTTP method or path. HTTP verb and URI path. Poisons can be plugged to both scopes, meaning you can operate with better accuracy and restrict the scope of the poisoning. Poisoning phases. Poisons can be plugged to incoming or outgoing traffic flows, or even both. This means, essentially, that you can plug in your poisons to infect the HTTP traffic. HTTP server or sent to the client. This allows you apply a better and more accurated poisoning based on the request or server response. For instance, given the nature of some poisons, like. Built- in poisons. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Infects the HTTP flow injecting a latency jitter in the response. Jitter value in miliseconds. Random jitter maximum value. Random jitter minimum value. Or alternatively using a random value. Inject response. Poisoning Phase. Reaches the server. Injects a custom response, intercepting the request before sending it to the target server. Useful to inject errors originated in the server. Response HTTP status code. Default. - Optional headers to send. Optional body data to send. It can be a. - Body encoding. Default to. toxy. Content- Type': 'application/json'}. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Limits the amount of bytes sent over the network in outgoing HTTP traffic for a specific time frame. This poison is basically an alias to. Amount of chunk of bytes to send. Default. - Packets time frame in miliseconds. Default. toxy. poison(toxy. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Limits the amount of requests received by the proxy in a specific threshold time frame. Designed to test API limits. Exposes typical. X- Rate. Limit- *. Note that this is very simple rate limit implementation, indeed limits are stored in- memory, therefore are completely volalite. There're a bunch of featured and consistent rate limiter implementations in. You might be also interested in. Total amount of requests. Default to. - Limit time frame in miliseconds. Default to. - Optional error message when limit is reached. HTTP status code when limit is reached. Default to. toxy. Limit({ limit: 5, threshold: 1. Poisoning Phase. Reaches the server. Reads incoming payload data packets slowly. Only valid for non- GET request. Packet chunk size in bytes. Default to. - Limit threshold time frame in miliseconds. Default to. toxy. Read({ chunk: 2. 04. Poisoning Phase. Reaches the server. Delays the HTTP connection ready state. Delay connection in miliseconds. Default to. toxy. Open({ delay: 2. 00. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Delays the HTTP connection close signal (EOF). Delay time in miliseconds. Default to. toxy. Close({ delay: 2. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Restricts the amount of packets sent over the network in a specific threshold time frame. Packet chunk size in bytes. Default to. - Data chunk delay time frame in miliseconds. Default to. toxy. Abort connection. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Aborts the TCP connection. From the low- level perspective, this will destroy the socket on the server, operating only at TCP level without sending any specific HTTP application level data. Aborts TCP connection after waiting the given miliseconds. Default to. , the connection will be aborted if the target server takes more than the. Default to. - Custom internal node. Default to. // Basic connection abort. Abort after a delay. In this case, the socket will be closed if. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Defines a response timeout. Useful when forward to potentially slow servers. Timeout limit in miliseconds. How to write poisons. Poisons are implemented as standalone middleware (like in connect/express). Here's a simple example of a server latency poison. Latency(delay) {. We name the function since toxy uses it as identifier to get/disable/remove it in the future. Latency(req, res, next) {. Timeout(clean, delay). Close). function on. Close() {. clear. Timeout(timeout). Listener('close', on. Close). var proxy = toxy(). Register and enable the poison. Latency(2. 00. 0)). You can optionally extend the build- in poisons with your own poisons. Poison(custom. Latency). Then you can use it as a built- in poison. Latency). For featured real example, take a look to the. Find out how to use and troubleshoot your Samsung Galaxy Tab E (8.0) with interactive simulators, how-to guides and support videos. 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Dell XPS 1. 3 Ultrabook combines premium materials such as bonded corning gorilla glass, machined aluminum and carbon fiber to enhance its performance. It has 1. 3. 3″ HD (7. Latest trending topics being covered on ZDNet including Reviews, Tech Industry, Security, Hardware, Apple, and Windows. Truelife WLED Display with 1. MP HD Webcam. It also provides a comfort- designed keyboard and a sleek, gesture- enabled glass touch pad. Looking inside, you’ll know what keeps this Ultrabook running: 1. GHz Intel Core i. M processor, 4 GB DDR3, Intel HD Graphics 3. GB SSD hard drive. For the operating system, it uses Microsoft Windows 7 Home Premium (6. The connectivity features include Wi- Fi 8. Bluetooth 3. 0; 1 x USB 3. USB 2. 0; 1 x Audio – VGA; and 1 x Microphone – Headset. The XPS 1. 3 also includes software such as: Adobe Reader X, Microsoft Office Starter, Web. Cam Central, Skype with H. Skyhook (post launch), Internet Explorer, Windows Live Essentials Wave 4, Mc. Afee Security. Center trial, Dell Data. Safe, and Dell Stage. Width: 1. 2. 4 in. Depth: 8. 1 in. Height: 0. Weight: 2. 9. 9 lbs. Flashing the Dell XPS 1. BIOSThe Dell XPS 1. BIOS may require flashing when an update is available or when replacing the system board. To flash the Dell XPS 1. BIOS: Turn on the computer. Go to support. dell. Locate the BIOS update file for your computer: NOTE: The Service Tag for your computer is located on a label at the bottom of your computer. If you have your computer’s Service Tag or Express Service Code: Enter your computer’s Service Tag or Express Service Code in the Service Tag or Express Service Code field. Click Submit and proceed to step 4. If you do not have your computer’s Service Tag or Express Service Code: Select one of the following options: • Automatically detect my Service Tag for me; • Choose from My Products and Services List; • Choose from a list of all Dell products b Click Continue and follow the instructions on the screen. Looking for the best BlackBerry KEYone, contracts and upgrades? We compare the UK’s widest range of networks. And if you find it cheaper anywhere else, we'll match. Offers 50 GB of free storage space. Uploaded files are encrypted and only the user holds the decryption keys. A list of applications and drivers available for your computer appears on the screen. Click BIOS. Click Download File to download the latest BIOS file. Select your preferred download method in the Please select your download method below window; click Download Now. The File Download window appears. Click Save to save the file on your computer and wait till the download has been completed. TheINQUIRER publishes daily news, reviews on the latest gadgets and devices, and INQdepth articles for tech buffs and hobbyists.Click Run to install the updated BIOS settings to your computer. Follow the instructions on the screen. Resetting the Dell XPS 1. BIOSRemoving the coin- cell battery resets the BIOS settings to default. It is recommended that you note the BIOS settings before removing the coin- cell battery. ![]() |
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